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Empiress
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   Posted 1/17/2002 2:22 PM (GMT -6)    Quote This PostAlert An Admin About This Post.
In reading the posts on this board I can't help but feel that we are amiss somewhere in our strict adherance to western logical philosophies. Having done formal (highly rational) studies in theology in the US over several years, I came to a point where I felt this method of "knowing God" failed.

I've been highly influenced by the writings of the mystics who claim that, as the author of the Cloud of Unknowing says, God cannot be "known" rationally. God must be approached supra-rationally.

And yet we persist in trying to conceive of God and "pin God down" rationally. The thread "Evil: Theodicy in All It's Forms" seems to demonstate this problem, as our reason breaks down in trying to explain and conceive of God in such terms.

When I hear the mystics speak of God...their personal encounters of God, it is highly close, intimate, and passionate descriptions. They do not sound like the logical westerners who want to categorize and label God and rationally explain everything that happens.

In mathematics, when a finite equation is graphed such that it intersects with an equation containing an infinite component, that number is an "irrational" number...ie, one that cannot exist. This therefore demonstrates that there is a mathematical basis for stating: When finite beings interact with an infinite being, we should anticipate encountering the irrational.

Also, in modern physics, as scientists look more closely at the universe they see that the "irrational" is all around us. Example: Just as modern physics demonstrates that photons simultaneously exist as particles and waves both (which is mutually exclusive/illogical/"impossible"), so Jesus is the "light of the world" (photons) and also claims to have two seemingly contradictory and mutually exclusive natures: human (finite = particle) and Divine (infinite = wave).

Essentially Christianity/Judaism is fundamentally Eastern/Hebraic and not western (logic/reason). In studying Hebrew and Semitic cultures, I have realized that westerners don't quite grasp theological concepts the way ancient Easterners would have. Their conception of the universe is more closely akin to a far eastern Buddhists where the ideas of contradictory ideas do not pose philosophical "problems" the way they do for westerners.

While the basic points of theology and Scripture are accessible to anyone (from a tribal member to an executive), to get beyond the basics, it seems necessary to take on the mindset of the people God has chosen to communicate with, particularly if we want to use Scripture as the basis for our discussion.

Additionally, the fact that the NT was written in Greek, while making it more assessible to the western mind, also fundamentally changes many of the ideas underneath it (ie the Eastern ones). Jesus and Paul were thinking in Hebrew/Semitic terms but their words were put into Greek...so we lose SOMETHING SIGNIFICANT in the translations themselves.

When we don't have the correct mindset, it seems we end up asking irrelevant questions like: "how long is this color"?? We're mixing types, we're mixing measurables and immeasurables. In the Eastern mindset so much is irrational and unquantifiable, while in the Western mindset nearly everything is rational and quantifiable. The Westerner agonizes over their questions precisely because they're asking questions that definitionally don't have an answer!

I wonder if our whole Western approach to these GOD questions is just off!? I'm not advocating we discard reason or cease to persist in asking rational questions, but rather, I'm wondering if there isn't a more balanced way to approach these questions...and even question our own questions.

Do people agree with this? What are your thoughts?

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Mephi2K
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   Posted 1/17/2002 2:38 PM (GMT -6)    Quote This PostAlert An Admin About This Post.
Hmmm... Well, I bet POW is just going to LOVE you, Empiress.

I want to engage this for a couple of reasons. First, I had yet to post the second installment on the "Antinomy" thread...(I'd like for you to check that one out if you haven't already, Empiress)...and this will end up going in that vein. Second, I consider myself more of a logician than mystic with respect the theological reflection that incorporates philosophy (though both play an important part.) So, stuff like this REALLY interests me.


Before we get down, I have a question. You say:

quote:
I wonder if our whole Western approach to these GOD questions is just off!? I'm not advocating we discard reason or cease to persist in asking rational questions, but rather, I'm wondering if there isn't a more balanced way to approach these questions...and even question our own questions.


Could you do me a favor and give your person view of the "balanced" way?


Feeling gully,


PS: Just as a facile answer to the subject question: No, reason is not sufficient for knowing God. If that were the case then God definitely wouldn't be a person in any sense of the word. Person-to-person relations by their very nature go beyond rationality.

Love God. Love People. Love Truth. Dedicate your all to that which you love.



Edited by - mephi2K on 01/17/2002 7:40:22 PM
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Empiress
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   Posted 1/17/2002 2:58 PM (GMT -6)    Quote This PostAlert An Admin About This Post.
Mephi asked for my personal view of the more "balanced way" on this topic.

At the basic theological level, we all ask appropriate questions, however, as we delve deeper into our "God" questions it seems we may be asking the wrong kinds of questions.

For a more balanced perspective: I'm wondering if we can't adopt more of an Eastern mindset and abandon some of our western mindset (or at least try to!) In this way, the deeper our questions, the more IRRATIONAL they become.

To start with: We recognize the way our mindset is already influencing our questions. As we question, we ask ourselves whether the question applies in the Eastern context. Eventually it seems we'd start asking different questions that don't always fit in logical terms and we become more comfortable with irrational "answers."



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Mephi2K
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   Posted 1/17/2002 3:05 PM (GMT -6)    Quote This PostAlert An Admin About This Post.
What is an "Eastern" mindset? It can't be this monolithic, can it? What is meant by an "eastern" mindset. These are answers I've heard:

Eastern: More personal and existential -- Western: More impersonal and "rational

Eastern: "Both/and" logic -- Western: "either/or" logic

Is this what you are referring to? Or do you mean more than this. Help me out.
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Empiress
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   Posted 1/17/2002 3:15 PM (GMT -6)    Quote This PostAlert An Admin About This Post.
Mephi That's definitely a good start.

I think we could add:

Objective (western) vs. Subjective (eastern)

However, I find it difficult to describe one mindset in contrast to another. Hmmm....it's so "foundational" it becomes a problem. To use a western mindset to explain and eastern mindset doesn't seem to get me very far! Grrrr!

Part of what I'm wondering is if we CAN adopt an Eastern mindset...and think about how it might "apply."



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PotOnWheel
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   Posted 1/17/2002 5:42 PM (GMT -6)    Quote This PostAlert An Admin About This Post.
Meph, you may be wrong. My guard is up.

As to where Empiress says "In this way, the deeper our questions, the more IRRATIONAL they become." that sounds very different from the Eastern Orthodox things I've read; which affirms rational thought. (But limits it to what we can know, and not to that which is beyond our experience.)

No, Meph, I'm watching.
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PotOnWheel
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   Posted 1/17/2002 5:45 PM (GMT -6)    Quote This PostAlert An Admin About This Post.
Meph, I'm reading Christos Yannara' "The Freedom of Morality." I'll post a section on that. THAT is different from what Empiress seems to be saying. But it does follow with the Basil quote on "Antinomy". Stay tuned.
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Empiress
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   Posted 1/18/2002 12:17 AM (GMT -6)    Quote This PostAlert An Admin About This Post.
quote:
that sounds very different from the Eastern Orthodox things I've read


PoW:
I just wanted to clarify I'm not speaking of Eastern Orthodoxy, although there is some overlap in mindset.

Also, when I say " more irrational" I don't mean that rational thought is done away with, I mean there is greater comfort with irrationality (what westerners normally think of as mutually exclusive) and supra-rationality which is probably the better word! Thanks!

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PotOnWheel
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   Posted 1/18/2002 1:13 AM (GMT -6)    Quote This PostAlert An Admin About This Post.
We both understood.
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PotOnWheel
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   Posted 1/18/2002 1:15 AM (GMT -6)    Quote This PostAlert An Admin About This Post.
But then is this still cripto-Gnostic, or at lest semi-cripto-Gnostic as some of Protestantism might be thought of == dwelling on ideas rather than realities?

Edited by - potonwheel on 01/18/2002 06:17:29 AM
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Mephi2K
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   Posted 1/19/2002 3:41 AM (GMT -6)    Quote This PostAlert An Admin About This Post.

Empiress,

Say, there. I have to apologize. I won't be able to continue this discussion. Maybe later. For right now, it's just great to see ya!

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PotOnWheel
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   Posted 1/19/2002 6:26 AM (GMT -6)    Quote This PostAlert An Admin About This Post.
Its really easy to bail out on rational thought. But the trouble is that God made us rational beings. And, even for thos in sin, that rational ability is part of what about us all is "in the image of God." (The likeness was lost at the fall, and needs restoring.)

In the Eastern monastic Fathers (or writings about them) that I've become familiar with, NATURE is one route to God (not a different God, and not a different version--the roads lead backk to the same "place.")

Contemplating nature, I'm sure, is NOT ONLY RATIONAL, But I'm reasonably sure that it is part of it.

Edited by - potonwheel on 01/19/2002 11:27:18 AM
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Empiress
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   Posted 1/19/2002 7:42 PM (GMT -6)    Quote This PostAlert An Admin About This Post.
Mephi...no worries, this is a huge topic. I was throwing it out mainly to see if anyone else was wrestling with this on the board. I'm still trying to get a feel for where people are coming from here.

PoW...I agree, I don't think we should "toss out rational thought" altogether. I was just wondering if anyone else thinks we're too dependent on reason and if perhaps the mystics and ancients easterners were on to something that we're missing as westerners. Thanks for your comments.

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still_unsure
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   Posted 1/20/2002 1:28 AM (GMT -6)    Quote This PostAlert An Admin About This Post.
Hi Empiress:

When you use the term "mystical" do you mean mystical like Deepak Chopra or mystical like the Kabalists or mystical like the Buddhists?
God bless
Rob


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Empiress
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   Posted 1/20/2002 9:32 AM (GMT -6)    Quote This PostAlert An Admin About This Post.
Hey Rob!

quote:
When you use the term "mystical" do you mean mystical like Deepak Chopra or mystical like the Kabalists or mystical like the Buddhists?


I mean mystical like the Christians mainly. I've been influenced by many Christian mystics on my journey including:

St. Theresa of Avila, Julian of Norwich, St. Francis of Assisi, Meister Eckhart, the author of The Cloud of Unkowing, St. John of the Cross, Hildegard of Bingen, etc.

I think mystics in other religious traditions are likely having similar experiences though!

Peace,
Empiress

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PotOnWheel
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   Posted 1/20/2002 11:19 AM (GMT -6)    Quote This PostAlert An Admin About This Post.
I'mm betting that there is a big difference between St. John of the Cross and St. Theresa of Avila; but I posted a Julian of Norwich quote on this board recently.

Edited by - potonwheel on 01/21/2002 9:28:24 PM
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GregBoyd
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   Posted 1/20/2002 7:52 PM (GMT -6)    Quote This PostAlert An Admin About This Post.
For my two cents, I have no problem accepting mystery. But I have a great problem accepting contradiction. When a person asserts a contradiction, it means nothing. What drives me crazy is people appealing to mystery to defend their contradictions. (The minimal difference is that a one can atleast specific how the terms involved in a legitimate "mystery" do not cancel each other out).

Language must mean something, whether its spoken from an "eastern" or "western" mindset. So the rational component that must circumscribe all discourse is the simple "law of non-contradiction."

Do you think this minimal claim is overly "western"?

Doc



"Three is the magic number, oh yes it is, it's the Magic Number" - De La Soul
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Empiress
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   Posted 1/20/2002 11:32 PM (GMT -6)    Quote This PostAlert An Admin About This Post.
Doc,

Thanks for your response.

I think that the "law of non-contradiction" is overly western, however, I don't appreciate people using mystery as a lazy excuse either!

Some so-called "contradictions" are only illusory contradictions. Even the western mind holds to the concept of paradox (that which is seemingly but not truly contradictory).

Seeming contradictions are only valid if they add meaning

For Example:

Imaginary Numbers

However, it seems the more we talk about God, the more supra-rational our language becomes!

Examples:

Jesus is both completely Human and completely Divine.

God is three persons yet one being.

The Eastern/Semitic mind is/was much more "open" to accept such concepts in the first place.

This is why I said:

quote:
And yet we persist in trying to conceive of God and "pin God down" rationally. The thread "Evil: Theodicy in All It's Forms" seems to demonstate this problem, as our reason breaks down in trying to explain and conceive of God in such terms.


Do you see what I'm getting at?

Peace,
Empiress



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Vexen
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   Posted 1/21/2002 2:43 AM (GMT -6)    Quote This PostAlert An Admin About This Post.
quote:

In mathematics, when a finite equation is graphed such that it intersects with an equation containing an infinite component, that number is an "irrational" number...ie, one that cannot exist



Why do you use imaginary numbers as an example? They're not "contradictory" or impossible, the term "irrational" is a technical one.

Also, your comment about irrational numbers doesn't seem to be right! There are many graphs involving a infinite component that intersect a finite function without involving irrational numbers.

For example if you map "4" against 2^x (one being finite, the other an infinite graph), the intersects are at x values of "2" and "-2", with no irrational numbers involved :P

In support of Empiress
Empiress' examples of the failure of pure logic to understand those two Christian concepts is true, becase:
  • Rationality is a perfect match for maths, for example no irrational "excuse" could ever say that a square was round, because they are clearly defined objects.

  • Irrationality is only useful where the objects themselves are not clearly defined or are imaginary, and only as a contrast to rationality, which in that case may fail and bring you to wrong conclusions.


In that sense, the mystics and "eastern" thought is much more open to admit there are things we do not understand or cannot see to define clearly, whereas the prevalent thought in Western thought is that start with assumptions and draw conclusions, all of which seek to attain a perfect description. The advantage of irrationality is in the areas where we cannot attain perfect clarity, and is once again the opposite to mathematics, where precision is part of the definition.

I think. I hope that made sense!

--
Vexen
http://www.vexen.co.uk
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Vexen
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   Posted 1/21/2002 2:57 AM (GMT -6)    Quote This PostAlert An Admin About This Post.
With regards to the Trinity, it is mathematically false to say that 3=1, or that Jesus is both completely divine and completely Human, on the grounds of logic it is impossible. This is the Western way of looking at it.

The "Eastern" method, is to say that these statements are true, but there are things about the nature of "completely divine" or "completely human" that we do not understand and may never understand as rational beings.

--
Vexen
http://www.vexen.co.uk
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GregBoyd
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   Posted 1/21/2002 6:42 AM (GMT -6)    Quote This PostAlert An Admin About This Post.
[Empiress: Some so-called "contradictions" are only illusory contradictions. Even the western mind holds to the concept of paradox (that which is seemingly but not truly contradictory)… Seeming contradictions are only valid if they add meaning

Doc: We are in essential agreement here – but I’m then wondering why you think the "law of non-contradiction" is "overly western." The Incarnation is not a contradiciton, because we can articulate a definition of God that doesn’t rule out being a human, and a definition of human that does not rule out being God. Neither is the Trinity a contradiction, because we are not saying "there is one and three gods" but "there is one God who exists in three persons" – and can specify the distinction between "God" and "person" in this sentence. Neither is a contradiction to say that a photon is both a wave and a particle, for we can specify the differing conditions under which it exemplifies wave-like characteristics and particle-like characteristics.

Yet all these a are paradoxes, for while the two terms involved don’t logically cancel each other out, neither do we have a clear understanding of how they fit together.

Vexen: The advantage of irrationality is in the areas where we cannot attain perfect clarity, and is once again the opposite to mathematics, where precision is part of the definition.

Doc: There is a big difference between saying "we cannot attain perfect clarity" and "irrational" is an "advantage." Now, I’m not sure what you mean by "irrational" as you’re using it here, but if it means "abandoning logic" then I don’t see how its EVER an advantage. The law of non-contradiction can’t comprehend all of reality, to be sure. But that doesn’t mean that the reality it can’t encompass is contradictory, any more than the fact that I can’t see all sides of a mountain at once entails that the sides I can’t at present view are non-mountainous. Follow?

Vexen: With regards to the Trinity, it is mathematically false to say that 3=1, or that Jesus is both completely divine and completely Human, on the grounds of logic it is impossible. This is the Western way of looking at it.

Doc: Vexen, I’m afraid you’re misinformed about "the western way of looking" at these doctrines. While there may be uninformed preachers who say 3=1, the church tradition has insisted that this is obvious nonsense. God is one in one respect (essence) and three in another respect (hypostasis). To use an analogy, the same could be said of the mind of any person (e.g. single consciousness, differing voices).

So too, the claim that Jesus is fully God and fully human is only contradictory if being fully God logically precludes being fully human, and being fully human logically precludes being fully God. But why think this? Do we know enough about God and humans to say that they by definition preclude one another? Why couldn’t God choose to be God as a human if he choose to?

Vexen: The "Eastern" method, is to say that these statements are true, but there are things about the nature of "completely divine" or "completely human" that we do not understand and may never understand as rational beings.

Doc: This isn’t distinctly "eastern." It’s the view of the entire western tradition.

Blessings
Doc


"Three is the magic number, oh yes it is, it's the Magic Number" - De La Soul
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PotOnWheel
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   Posted 1/21/2002 6:57 AM (GMT -6)    Quote This PostAlert An Admin About This Post.
Amen, Doc!
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Mephi2K
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   Posted 1/21/2002 7:18 AM (GMT -6)    Quote This PostAlert An Admin About This Post.
Hmmm...I'm ALMOST over the funk I'm in...almost. Got a few more loose ends. But I HAD to say something here. Doc said:

quote:
We are in essential agreement here – but I’m then wondering why you think the "law of non-contradiction" is "overly western." The Incarnation is not a contradiciton, because we can articulate a definition of God that doesn’t rule out being a human, and a definition of human that does not rule out being God. Neither is the Trinity a contradiction, because we are not saying "there is one and three gods" but "there is one God who exists in three persons" – and can specify the distinction between "God" and "person" in this sentence. Neither is a contradiction to say that a photon is both a wave and a particle, for we can specify the differing conditions under which it exemplifies wave-like characteristics and particle-like characteristics.

Yet all these a are paradoxes, for while the two terms involved don’t logically cancel each other out, neither do we have a clear understanding of how they fit together.


and...

quote:
The law of non-contradiction can’t comprehend all of reality, to be sure. But that doesn’t mean that the reality it can’t encompass is contradictory, any more than the fact that I can’t see all sides of a mountain at once entails that the sides I can’t at present view are non-mountainous. Follow?



I noticed how you separated contradictions from paradoxes. PLEASE tell me that you see the very important implications. If what you are saying is true, then it really comes down to PRESUPPOSITIONS ABOUT REALITY. One man's contradiction is another man's "paradox", GIVEN the presuppositional ideas held by each. In my Antimony post I say this:

"When discussing the ideas of mystery, paradox, antimony, and contradiction, like beauty, IT'S ALL ULTIMATELY IN THE EYES OF THE BEHOLDER!"

What I feel is REALLY interesting is that, when it comes down to it, your argumentation is the same all around. For free will. Warfare worldview. Everything. You even apply it to the Law of Non-Contradiction! Wow. Your line of thinking is this...

"Sure, we can accept THAT presupposition, but what's to stop us from accepting THIS one...especially when THIS one may give us more explanatory power for things later."

Really think about our interactions. This is what it's come down to the majority of the time. But the problem is that the acceptance and/or denial of certain presuppositions does NOT take place in a vaccuum. There are often many reasons why some people will accept certain presupps and deny others. And RARELY is this highly subjective part of the whole discussion brought out. I believe our personalities, experiences, and other stuff REALLY come to bear on this stuff. Don't believe me? Just ask 10 random people to tell you what "love" entails. Not only that but the "evidence" that is used to give "explanatory power" is often based on questions that ARISE from the very presuppositions being held in the first place. Can we say "circularity"?


So, if rationality as a WHOLE can be seen in some type of "foundationalist" light (not the narrow Enlightenment type) where presuppositions are king, how can we honestly deal with the "mystery vs contradiction" idea in theological discussion...where it is so prevalent? What do you think, Doc?


This felt good.

Later,


Edited by - mephi2K on 01/21/2002 12:19:42 PM
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Mephi2K
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   Posted 1/21/2002 7:23 AM (GMT -6)    Quote This PostAlert An Admin About This Post.
PS: I think that Vexen and Empiress are referring to the NON-rational rather than IRrational. Think of person to person interaction, complete with emotionality, tentative "leaps of faith", etc. This would not be IRrational, in that it CONTRADICTS rationality. But it is not RATIONAL, either. This also goes for some mystical experiences. Am I right, Vex and Miss E?
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Vexen
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   Posted 1/21/2002 7:31 AM (GMT -6)    Quote This PostAlert An Admin About This Post.
OK, my direct comparison of the Trinity should have been more vague than it was... I understand your points, I think I'm used to forums where I can make comparisons like that and people don't know the technical reasons why it's wrong :P. You're right.

Doc: "So too, the claim that Jesus is fully God and fully human is only contradictory if being fully God logically precludes being fully human, and being fully human logically precludes being fully God. But why think this? Do we know enough about God and humans to say that they by definition preclude one another? Why couldn’t God choose to be God as a human if he choose to?"

I think we agreed but just differed on our terminology.

Also (as I get used to this board I need to adjust my angle, I'm getting used to it, still!), by Western I am meaning more materialist and non "fuzzy". Fuzzy is the Quantum Physics sense of reality (a seemingly inherent paradox), which I equate to be closer to an Eastern way of thought.

Umm... I think.

--
Vexen
http://www.vexen.co.uk
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