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rb1963b
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   Posted 12/29/2001 10:13 PM (GMT -6)    Quote This PostAlert An Admin About This Post.
6 Be careful for nothing; but in every thing by prayer and supplication with thanksgiving let your requests be made known unto God.

How could we "make known" something that is already known?

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PotOnWheel
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   Posted 12/30/2001 2:57 AM (GMT -6)    Quote This PostAlert An Admin About This Post.
God's openness is that He is open to sharing in your suffering, for being involved with his creation and creatures. It is NOT ignorance. I guess we need to read "make known" with some flexibility. What if it had said "declair", as in: declair your requests unto God. He knows them. We have a part to. Its a team effort BECASUE God is open.

PotOnWheel

(ISA 64:8 "Yet, O Lord, you are our Father. We are the clay, you are the potter; we are all the work of your hand.")

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n/a
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   Posted 12/30/2001 4:24 AM (GMT -6)    Quote This PostAlert An Admin About This Post.
I think he was suggesting--I could be wrong--that the verse seemed to support the Open View, like the verses where God tests people to know their heart. It appears that becasue of the agents free will, God needs to test the agents heart to know if they are faithful.
Hope that came out right, God Bless
Paul

Our natural greatness is seen as part of God's image, and that natural greatness has been conferred on us to enable us to achieve our supernatural destiny:to be related to God and to obey him freely.---Diogenes Allen
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rb1963b
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   Posted 12/30/2001 5:44 PM (GMT -6)    Quote This PostAlert An Admin About This Post.
What part of "make them known" do you not understand? the only way that you can show it to mean anything other than what it says is to ADD to the verse. It is not making it known to the issuer it is making it known to the answerer. You calvinist never cease to amuse me!

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Jewgrass
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   Posted 12/30/2001 7:00 PM (GMT -6)    Quote This PostAlert An Admin About This Post.
quote:

What part of "make them known" do you not understand? the only way that you can show it to mean anything other than what it says is to ADD to the verse. It is not making it known to the issuer it is making it known to the answerer. You calvinist never cease to amuse me!



You don't have to be a Calvinist to agree with PoW. You just have to be anything but an open-theist or a process theologian! First of all, what are the translating possibilities of the original Greek? Since other translations use phrases like "present your requests" (NIV) and "tell God what you need (New Living)", I would be interested to know what the actual Greek says. Any Greek scholars out there?

Also, since God knows our hearts, it would be hard to say that our prayer requests are "unknowable" even to our hearts until we pray them to God.

And as far as the "ADDING" to the verse accusation made, there is not a single theologian out there that can have any coherent systematic theology without having to look deep and read into certain verses. For instance, if taken at face value, Adam was really hiding from God behind a tree (Gen 3:9). We don't think God is the ultimate creator of all evil, yet Isaiah 45:7 tells us God is "the one who creates the light and makes the darkness", "the one who sends good times and bad times." We must read into, study, meditate, and think about what the verse is telling us in light of the rest of scripture. Open-theists must do the same "addition" to scripture you speak of when confronted with verses such as Isaiah 8:19: "Why are you trying to find out the future by consulting mediums and psychics? Do not listen to their whisperings and mutterings. Can the living find out the future from the dead? Why not ask your God?"

Is Paul telling the Philippian church that God doesn't (can't?) know their prayers until they have prayed them? Put in the light of scripture, definitely not. Consider the following verses:

"...for we don't even know what we should pray for, nor how we should pray, but the Holy Spirit prays for us with groanings that cannot be expressed in words." Romans 8:26b

"'Blasphemy This man talks like he is God!' some of the teachers of religious law said among themselves. Jesus knew what they were thinking, so he asked them, 'Why are you thinking such evil thoughts?'" Matthew 9:3-4

"And Solomon, my son, get to know the God of your ancestors. Worship and serve him with your whole heart and with a willing mind. For the Lord sees every heart and understand and knows every plan and thought..." 1 Chronicles 28:9a

"You know when I sit down or stand up. You know my every thought when far away." Psalm 139:2

--Jewgrass

"If what the Bible says about man is true [man's sinful nature], how could anyone ever possibly be saved? There are two alternatives: the Bible and TULIP Calvinism." --Dr. Laurence M. Vance
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MrIndifference
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   Posted 12/30/2001 8:26 PM (GMT -6)    Quote This PostAlert An Admin About This Post.
rb1963b wrote:
quote:
How could we "make known" something that is already known?

Here is an analogy for you...

You (as a member of a covenental relationship) have a proble. It doesn't really matter what it is, but just that there is one. Your spouse knows that there is a problem by simply observing your actions and behaviors. It is obvious what it is because he/she knows you so well. The thing is, how can your spouse help you until you share what is troubling you? Part of a relationship is two-way communication. How can there be relationship if that is not there?

quote:
Be careful for nothing; but in every thing by prayer and supplication with thanksgiving let your requests be made known unto God.
If you look at the verse again you see the word request. Request implies a need or a want. If God gave us everything that we needed or wanted without us even asking, would we even have a sense of value for what we did have? Also, would we see that it was actually God behind us seeing what He has given us?

Does this help at all?

MrI. :|
________________________________________
The philosophers have only interpreted the world, in various ways; the point, however, is to change it.
Karl Marx Theses on Feuerbach
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rb1963b
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   Posted 12/31/2001 12:07 PM (GMT -6)    Quote This PostAlert An Admin About This Post.
Mr. Indifference

Sorry, but what you are implying would be written like this.

Although God knows what you are going to ask for before you ask, he still makes you ask for them first!

or

Although God already knows what you are going to ask for, for God knows everything, you still need to use your free will to request your desires.

Jewgrass,

None of the verses that you listed show that God has prior knowledge of your requests. And you prove my point. thanks


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Lee Merrill
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   Posted 12/31/2001 3:00 PM (GMT -6)    Quote This PostAlert An Admin About This Post.
How about this verse in response?

MT 6:8 Your Father knows what you need before you ask him.

He's not in need of information, "known" here must be more of a relational sense, in my opinion.

God bless you,
Lee

==================================================
"Even now we seem to have dim glimpses into regions
from which we receive no word to bring away" (George MacDonald)
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n/a
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   Posted 12/31/2001 6:02 PM (GMT -6)    Quote This PostAlert An Admin About This Post.
Jewgrass said:
quote:
? Since other translations use phrases like "present your requests" (NIV) and "tell God what you need (New Living)", I would be interested to know what the actual Greek says. Any Greek scholars out there?


Well, I am no Greek scholar, but here is a link to an online concordance. I don't know how helpful it will be to you, but it is the best I have seen.

Here is the word for made known.
1107 gnorizo {gno-rid'-zo}

from a derivative of 1097; TDNT - 1:718,119; v

AV - make known 16, declare 4, certify 1, give to understand 1,
do to wit 1, wot 1; 24

1) to make known
1a) to become known, be recognised
2) to know, to gain knowledge of, have thorough knowledge of
2a) in earlier Greek it means "to gain a knowledge of" or "have
thorough knowledge of"

Lee Merrill:

quote:
MT 6:8 Your Father knows what you need before you ask him.


I don't know how to answer that, but here is a link on the concordance.

Hope this helps.

God Bless
Paul

Our natural greatness is seen as part of God's image, and that natural greatness has been conferred on us to enable us to achieve our supernatural destiny:to be related to God and to obey him freely.---Diogenes Allen

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PotOnWheel
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   Posted 12/31/2001 7:39 PM (GMT -6)    Quote This PostAlert An Admin About This Post.
Those knee deep in knowing where they stand on the Calvinist/Arminian debates are fearful of the Pelagian 'boogieman'. (Pelagius got lots of bad press from Augustine, and wasn't as Pelagian" as Augustine accused him of being.) The Greek/Byzantine tradition, which was outside the overwhelmingly Augustine-influnced Latin West has a tradition of understanding and embracing the "synergistic" aspects of our life in Christ. (such as "to will and to work for His good pleasure...") It is NOT Pelagian to embrace that God works in us in union with our wills. His will AND our will. It may be "weird math." It may be 1% us and 100% God. But God does nothing without our free will.

So, one thing that we CAN see in those verses, is that God wants -- and lets us know through scripture -- that we should ask him for what we need. Part of that might be explained by modern psychology. It is healthy for us to pray and ask --it gets us ready. But their in a mystery of our communion with God too, beyond what can be understood solely by our minds. It has to be understood by our mind and heart together! There's the focus. God USES our asking in giving us what we need, what Christ's body must have.

That is where I want to put the spotlight right now.

Thanks.

Edited by - potonwheel on 01/01/2002 10:30:06 AM
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rb1963b
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   Posted 1/1/2002 5:35 AM (GMT -6)    Quote This PostAlert An Admin About This Post.
Lee,

That only proves that God does know what we need, but, it does not show that God knows before hand desires that come upon us. He also will give us the desires of our hearts as well as our needs. So, keep looking.

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Jewgrass
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   Posted 1/1/2002 7:03 AM (GMT -6)    Quote This PostAlert An Admin About This Post.
quote:

That only proves that God does know what we need, but, it does not show that God knows before hand desires that come upon us. He also will give us the desires of our hearts as well as our needs. So, keep looking.



I really feel the verses and explanations supplied so far have pretty much taken away the possibility of the open-view translation of Phillipians 4:6. In the light of scripture, God knows our prayers (Romans 8:26), our thoughts (Matt 9:3-4), our hearts (1 Chronicles 28:9), and our needs (Matt 6:8). What other evidence is there to support the open-theist interpretation?

Faithfulservant, thanks for the Greek info.

--Jewgrass

"If a Calvinist wants to say that man can only choose the lesser of two evils then that is fine. In that case accepting Jesus Christ would be a lesser evil than going to hell." --Laurence Vance
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Starkman
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   Posted 1/1/2002 7:37 AM (GMT -6)    Quote This PostAlert An Admin About This Post.
Jewgrass,

You stated: "I really feel the verses and explanations supplied so far have pretty much taken away the possibility of the open-view translation of Phillipians 4:6. In the light of scripture, God knows our prayers (Romans 8:26), our thoughts (Matt 9:3-4), our hearts (1 Chronicles 28:9), and our needs (Matt 6:8). What other evidence is there to support the open-theist interpretation?"

The open view states God doesn't know some parts of the future except that part He has already ordained to come to pass. Remember: to know one's thoughts is not to know the future of thoughts that haven't been thought. It is only that God knows your thoughts as you think them (and,He probably has a pretty good idea what you'll be thinking in certain given situations).

Next, the same thing applies to God knowing the hearts, prayers and needs. None of these is to affirm that God knows the future of any of these before you think, feel or need; they are known by God as they come into existance - even before we have completely formed the thought or feeling.

Just remember, none of these things is in opposition to the open view, because none of these Scriptures is stating that God knows these thoughts, feelings, etc before they happen. BUT (and this needs to be remembered), God knows ALL POSSIBLE thoughts, feelings and needs. And He knows your heart even better than you know your own heart! He knows your needs before you even get it down to a concrete thought; for He knows all that man will ever need. But none of this is to say that God knows what you'll think on October 22, 2006 at 2:33pm!

Just try to make that distinction and things will fit into the open view better!

Starkman

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PotOnWheel
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   Posted 1/1/2002 9:43 AM (GMT -6)    Quote This PostAlert An Admin About This Post.
Does the open view define "know" in an overly-particularized way -- reducing it to units of knowledge at the expense of the whole? I think so. Would this also be termed "reductionism"? I wonder. (A forest and trees thing.)

PoW
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Lee Merrill
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   Posted 1/1/2002 12:21 PM (GMT -6)    Quote This PostAlert An Admin About This Post.
MT 6:8 Your Father knows what you need before you ask him.

quote:
it does not show that God knows before hand desires that come upon us.


How about these verses?

PS 139:4 Before a word is on my tongue you know it completely, O Lord.

ISA 65:24 Before they call I will answer; while they are still speaking I will hear.

JN 16:30 Now we can see that you know all things...

God bless you,
Lee

==================================================
"Even now we seem to have dim glimpses into regions
from which we receive no word to bring away" (George MacDonald)

Edited by - Lee Merrill on 01/01/2002 5:21:56 PM
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Jewgrass
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   Posted 1/1/2002 3:12 PM (GMT -6)    Quote This PostAlert An Admin About This Post.
Lee Merrill:

Your posts are always humble, full of love, and contain an abundance of scripture. How is it that you always have so many great Bible references seemingly at your fingertips?

--Jewgrass

"If a Calvinist wants to say that man can only choose the lesser of two evils then that is fine. In that case accepting Jesus Christ would be a lesser evil than going to hell." --Laurence Vance
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PhD MP
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   Posted 1/2/2002 10:02 AM (GMT -6)    Quote This PostAlert An Admin About This Post.
Some paradoxes are inevitably inherent within the concept of faith in the NT. Here is one: God knows what we need before we ask, but he tells us to let him know our requests. Now Phil. 4:6 doesn't tell us to tell God something he doesn't already know. But it does instruct us to tell him those requests, not to educate him on the facts. Notice here that we are not told to inform God of the details of our lives, but to inform him of our REQUESTS. It's as if he knows what we need but he chooses to act in response to requests, and apparently chooses to act in response to requests in such a way as to give us the "PEACE OF GOD" we need.

In other words, a case could be made that God asks us to request so that we can benefit from the peace (Phil. 4:7) that results from his having received our requests.





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Starkman
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   Posted 1/2/2002 4:14 PM (GMT -6)    Quote This PostAlert An Admin About This Post.
PhD MP,

quote:
In other words, a case could be made that God asks us to request so that we can benefit from the peace (Phil. 4:7) that results from his having received our requests.


I agree, but something nudges at me about this, too...

As an open theist, I believe that there's more to God asking us to ask our requests of Him because of the peace that follows. Oh, I don't agree that that is true, mind you, but I think there's play-off, too, between God and man.

The many times God can be pursuaded in Scripture to change His mind is to add something to the dynamics of requesting something from God.

Moses pleaded with God to not destroy Israel; it wasn't that God didn't know Moses' heart, but God had a living, vivacious at-that-time dialog with Moses' "need" of God. There was life going on within the dialog between Moses and God. There is life that goes on between all of us and God when we request, because (and this is what I think is so cool) so much can change, be molded, shaped and created in the reality of going before God to ask of Him. It's big...very big, and that's the part, too, (along with getting peace as the final surety of having made contact with God about these very important things) that comes into play here.

For the conversation,

Starkman

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DaveSherrill
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   Posted 1/2/2002 5:26 PM (GMT -6)    Quote This PostAlert An Admin About This Post.
quote:

PhD MP,

quote:
In other words, a case could be made that God asks us to request so that we can benefit from the peace (Phil. 4:7) that results from his having received our requests.


I agree, but something nudges at me about this, too...

As an open theist, I believe that there's more to God asking us to ask our requests of Him because of the peace that follows. Oh, I don't agree that that is true, mind you, but I think there's play-off, too, between God and man.

The many times God can be pursuaded in Scripture to change His mind is to add something to the dynamics of requesting something from God.

Moses pleaded with God to not destroy Israel; it wasn't that God didn't know Moses' heart, but God had a living, vivacious at-that-time dialog with Moses' "need" of God. There was life going on within the dialog between Moses and God. There is life that goes on between all of us and God when we request, because (and this is what I think is so cool) so much can change, be molded, shaped and created in the reality of going before God to ask of Him. It's big...very big, and that's the part, too, (along with getting peace as the final surety of having made contact with God about these very important things) that comes into play here.

For the conversation,

Starkman

Starkman,
Based on your comments, I can't tell how you would understand the following:

NAU Matthew 6:8 "So do not be like them; for your Father knows what you need before you ask Him.

Would you be able to give a brief shot at it? Thanks.

Sincerely,
Dave





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writerdad
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   Posted 1/2/2002 7:29 PM (GMT -6)    Quote This PostAlert An Admin About This Post.
POW: do you know any good books on Pelagius that are easy to get? I wanted to read up on the guy and I haven't been able to find anything? Or perhaps a website that would have some stuff on him? Harold

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Starkman
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   Posted 1/3/2002 3:23 AM (GMT -6)    Quote This PostAlert An Admin About This Post.
Dave,

quote:
NAU Matthew 6:8 "So do not be like them; for your Father knows what you need before you ask Him.

Would you be able to give a brief shot at it? Thanks.


Well, first and foremost, what's the context? Jesus is talking about those who approach God in a hypocritical manner. He tells His listeners to not be like that. Don't repeat prayer after prayer (particularly to be seen by men) to be heard (as if God didn't hear you the first time)!

The issue here is simply common sense relationship between God and man in non-hypocritical manner. It is in this context the Master says "Your Father knows what you have need of before you even ask". And isn't it true that God knows we need food, clothing (MT 6:31), etc.

But consider the prayer in MT 6:9-13 as an example of heart and faith when approaching God. By the way, this isn't the Lord's prayer, this is our prayer. His prayer was in John 17.

The entire prayer is dripping with relationship - real, bonified relationship with a being who interacts with us in a manner similar to how humans relate and interact with one another. There's dynamic heart and life. There's negotiating. There's pleas. There's REASON for asking that we be protected and what have you, because it's possible that we might not be if we don't ask.

Nothing here in any of Mathew is to insinuate that God knows every thought, word or deed before it's done. That's not the context, and it'd be reading into the passage a presupposition to think otherwise. It's just good, wonderful relationship being established by Jesus much the way you and I are relating.

It must be said again, though, that just because an open theist may say God doesn't know some parts of the future, it's only because...that part of the future which God has NOT ordained or determined simply hasn't happened! Why push God into having to know something that hasn't even happened? That's the complete opposite of what prayer and relationship with Him is all about. There'd be nothing to a walk with God if we were pre-programmed or God simply "knows" anything and everything about what hasn't even happened yet in each of our lives.

As I mentioned, consider trying to have a conversation with God along the lines of that dialog I mentioned. At what time could it ever be that it could be said THERE, IT'S SETTLED if I am able to constantly change what God tells me I'm going to do or think? It's a constant NOW that we live in. A dynamic, vivacious, life-now experience. God being so powerful and know all that there is to know and that COULD happen is able to get His way no matter what.

Finally, I used this example on a previous post, but I don't remember where I posted it. Imagine God as the supreme chess player. He knows every move that can be made, EVERY possible combination of moves that can be made on the board, and therefore every possible move and combination of moves that His opponent can make. In other words, He can't loose!

Now, if you were playing God in chess, you might be in the game some and God says to Himself "I bet Dave moves the pawn...he's leaning towards that move, I can read his thoughts". Suddenly you move the rook; the move just came to you. God says "Whoa, I wouldn't have moved the rook - bad move! I would have moved the pawn. Oh well, guess I'll go on to win the game."

See, it's neither here nor there to God. He reads minds, hearts, thoughts, etc. He knows all there is to know and that can be known in all possible combinations. He can never loose, period.

I hope that helps some a tad.

For the conversation,

Starkman!

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DaveSherrill
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   Posted 1/3/2002 3:44 AM (GMT -6)    Quote This PostAlert An Admin About This Post.
Starkman,
Thanks. I'll give your comments some thought.

Dave

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PotOnWheel
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   Posted 1/3/2002 4:17 AM (GMT -6)    Quote This PostAlert An Admin About This Post.
writerdad asked: "POW, do you know any good books on Pelagius that are easy to get? I wanted to read up on the guy and I haven't been able to find anything? Or perhaps a website that would have some stuff on him? Harold" No books, but I'm searhing the internet to try and find some article(s) that I read before.
Here's a good one at http://www.brojed.org/pelagius.html (It is the one that I was looking for.)

Pelagius: To Demetrias
by Deacon Geoffrey Ó Riada
Contents
..Introduction
..A Brief Life of Pelagius
..The Letter to Demetrias
.....History and Text
.....Content and Analysis
..Conclusion
..Endnotes
..Bibliography

FOOTNOTES CAN BE RELLY INTERESTING. THESE ESPECIALLY!
quote:
Endnotes

[6] Ferguson, "In Defence," p. 115. He comments: "This, in the end, was the issue. Pelagius did not say that we could be saved by our own efforts. He did insist that we have still freely to turn to the saving grace of God." [Return]

[11] Ferguson presents the compelling idea that Pelagius found refuge first in Lérins and then in Wales (p. 392). Wherever the venerable monk ended up, it is almost certain that he remained in communion with the Church. [Return]

[17] Ibid., p. 33. Equally ironic is the fact that another of Pelagius's writings, his statement of faith and defence of the Nicene Trinitarian and Christological doctrines, the Libellus Fidei, has only been preserved because the Vatican, until recently, believed it to be one of Augustine's sermons. William E. Phipps, "The Heresiarch: Pelagius or Augustine?," in The Anglican Theological Review (Vol. 62, April 1980), p. 125. [Return]

[20] As one commentator has noted, "Pelagius is not more optimistic about human nature than his opponents; he is more pessimistic. To say that there is a right way to choose and we do not choose it is 'a really harsh and bitter word for sinners'." Ferguson, "In Defence," p. 118. [Return]

[22] We are disappointed to read that an otherwise brilliant theologian, Fr Michael Azkoul, dismisses Pelagius as having "denied the necessity of Grace and true Faith for salvation." The Teachings of the Holy Orthodox Church, Vol. I (Dormition Skete Publications: Buena Vista, Colorado, 1986), p. 227. Here and elsewhere Fr Azkoul fails to distinguish between Pelagius himself and later "Pelagianism." In effect, Pelagius himself was more "semi-Pelagian" than "Pelagian"! [Return]

[23] It must be remembered that Pelagius never disputed the necessity of baptism, nor did he reject infant baptism. What he argued against was Augustine's teaching that infants needed to be baptised in order to remit inherited guilt and that unbaptised babies were damned to hell. [Return]

[24] Pelagius often refers in his writings to the doctrine of "synergy" established by St Paul; cf. Romans 8:28 , "We know that in everything God works for good with (synergeo) those who love him." This paradox of grace and free will — so misunderstood by Augustine — Pelagius championed at the Synods of Jerusalem and Diospolis (to the satisfaction of the Eastern bishops), quoting I Corinthians 15:10, "I worked harder than any of them, though it was not I, but the grace of God which is with me." Phipps, pp. 130-131. [Return]

[25] Cf. Vigen Guroian's statement that "Orthodoxy speaks of an imitatio Christi but does not accept or express in this a Pelagian rationalism. The old Adam is not capable on his own power to imitate Christ perfectly and fashion himself into a new Adam." Incarnate Love: Essays in Orthodox Ethics, p. 15. [Return]



Anything here jump out, writerdad?

PoW

Edited by - potonwheel on 01/03/2002 09:45:23 AM
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PotOnWheel
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   Posted 1/3/2002 4:50 AM (GMT -6)    Quote This PostAlert An Admin About This Post.
quote:
The Ecole Glossary
http://cedar.evansville.edu/~ecoleweb/glossary/johncas.html
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
John Cassian

Born c. 360, John Cassian was ordained a deacon in Constantinople and became a monk in Bethlehem. He settled in Scetis and made frequent trips to the Thebiad; his Conferences records his conversations with these monks. He may have left Egypt for Palestine c. 399 because of his association with Origenist monks. About six years later, he travelled to Rome, where he became friends with Leo, who was elected Pope Leo I in 440. Cassian established two monasteries near Marseilles c. 415; Sts. Peter and Victor was for men, and St. Savior was for women. Cassian's Institutes served as their rule, and his On the Incarnation is a treatise against Nestorianism. Cassian died c. 433/ 435.

Condemned at the Council of Orange (529) as a semi-Pelagian, Cassian was held in great esteem by St. Benedict, who recommended that monks read both the Institutes and the Conferences, and St. Leo the Great, who had commissioned Cassian to write about the incarnation. St. Gregory the Great took Cassian's eight principal vices and created the Seven Deadly Sins. In the Middle Ages, Cassian's body was housed in a marble tomb, and Pope Urban V put Cassian's head in a silver casket. Because Cassian disagreed with the teachings of St. Augustine, the Roman church has dismissed him as the founder of semi-Pelagianism, although he also disagreed with the teachings of Pelagius. The Orthodox, however, have glorified Cassian as St. John Cassian the Roman.

Karen Rae Keck
---------------------------------------------
Copyright © 1996, Karen Rae Keck. This file may be copied on the condition that the entire contents, including the header and this copyright remain intact.


Edited by - potonwheel on 01/03/2002 09:54:04 AM
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PotOnWheel
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   Posted 1/3/2002 6:22 AM (GMT -6)    Quote This PostAlert An Admin About This Post.
writerdad, one more and I'm done. This is from a fringe group of converts to Orthodoxy that tries to construct a historical lineage...and so keep from fellowshiping with the immigrants from Eastern Europe...(weird). But it is worth a look because it comments that BOTH Pelagius and Augustine were wrong at points.
quote:
On the Condemnation of Pelagius
This could also be titled:"Why the Celi De have their own jurisdictionand are only in Communion with doctrinally canonical Churches"

Celtic Christians have always rejoiced that God the Father sent God the Son, Jesus Christ, into the world to ransom us and lift us up to Him. The Celtic churches followed the teaching of Saint John very closely. Perhaps the most famous verse of St. John is: "16 For God so loved the world, as to give his only begotten Son; that whosoever believeth in him, may not perish, but may have life everlasting. " (Jn 3:16). The Celts like all true Christians rejoice that Christ came to save us. Yet there is still a debate as to whether Christ merely provided a helping hand or whether we really need to be saved.

Most who have read the writings of the Celtic churches will agree that the Celtic churches did not follow the erroneous teaching of Augustine of Hippo (359-430) that we are born guilty and deprived of God's Grace. However, some incorrectly claim that the Celts followed the teachings of Pelagius Britto (also known as Morgan) and did not believe that we are born with deficiency inherited from the Original Sin of Adam and Eve. This is based on the idea that in a debate one of the two sides is correct and the other wrong. The supposition is that since Pelagius and Augustine debated these issues and the Church did not accept the views of Augustine then Pelagius must be correct. In fact the Church did not accept the views of Pelagius. In a debate one side can be correct; both sides can be correct or both can be incorrect. That is reality and sadly it is not as convenient as we might like. Idea A and Idea B are false if reality is in fact C.



Based on the few remaining writings by Pelagius or attributed to him we find some details of his errors:
1) Adam's sin injured only Adam and has no effect on us. Sickness and death are part of our human nature as God created us.
2) There is no such thing as original sin with the tendency to sin as one of its consequences.
3) Baptism is only to join us to Christ and is not for remission of sins as stated in the Creed.
4) We can live without committing any sins, and do so without God's Grace.
and the last pelagian error:
5)Grace is not possible.

The only "grace" Pelagius would acknowledge was what some have called "external grace," such as the example of Christ, the teaching of his Apostles, His sermons, parables, etc.,. Note that this excludes Grace through the Sacraments.

There are many statements in the prayers and writings of the Celtic churches on inherited deficiency from the original sin of Adam and Eve. Saint Columbanus of Luxeuil and Bobbio, an acknowledged exemplar of Celtic Christianity in his own lifetime, spoke of Original Sin. He comments on Psalm 50, stating: "the one conceived, inherits material substance from an iniquitous conception" and that we are conceived "imperfect" in "deficiency". A prayer of Saint Ambrose of Milan (339-397 AD) is found in various early non-Roman Western Liturgies including the Lorrha "Stowe" Missal and some Gallican (early "French" Celtic) fragments of Liturgies. That prayer clearly states that we have "inherent impurity".

From this it is clear that the Celtic churches accepted the Orthodox view of Original Sin and could not consider Pelagius' view acceptable.

Since the Pelagian denial of Original Sin denies our need for Christ's Incarnation, that doctrine and Pelagius himself were condemned by many Bishops of his day. Among the Bishops who recognised the threat were the Bishops of the Britons. They requested help from the Celtic Church of Gaul which hadalready condemned Pelagian teachings. The Bishops of the Church of Gaul sent Saint Germanus. Saint Patrick, who was a Priest at the time, is said to have assisted Saint Germanus in this mission to Britain to preach against Pelagius' teachings. So the claim that the Celtic churches shared Pelagius' ideas is clearly false. There were no churches of the Celts that did not condemn Pelagius.

Yetsome modern 'Celtic Christian' groups have chosen to teach some of these same errors.

Such ideas are spiritual poison. They contradict even Christ Himself, Who said, "There is none that liveth that sinneth not." and "this is my blood of the New Testament, which shall be shed for many unto remission of sins." Pelagian falsehood also contradicts the Creed by which we confess that Baptism is for the remission of sins.

It is also incorrectly stated that no Ecumenical Council of the Undivided Church ever condemned Pelagius.

Canon IV of the Third Ecumenical Council which met in Ephesus in 431 condemned the teaching of Celestius because he tried to teach the people of Ephesus that we are born without Ancestral or Original sin. That is the same idea that Pelagius taught. The Council of Ephesus was acting based on the canons of the Synod of Carthage which state in part: "It has pleased the Council to decree that whosoever denies the little ones,newly born from their mother's womb, when they are being Baptised, or asserts that they are baptised for the Remission of Sins, but they have inherited no original sin from Adam obliging them to be purified in the Bath of Rebirth (whence it follows that in these persons the form of baptism for the remission of sins is not true, but is to be regarded as
factitious), let him be anathema: for no other meaning ought to be attached to what the Apostle has said:'Sin entered the world through one human being.'(Romans 5:12)" The Council Ephesus also issued an edict ratifying a letter from Pope Celestine condemning and deposing Pelagius for preaching that same false doctrine in the West. The Celtic churches were represented by Bishops at the Council of Ephesus and those Bishops signed both the canons condemning the rejection of ancestral sin and the letter to Pope Celestine.

From this, it is clear that the Celtic churches stood with the rest of the Church and condemned the denial of ancestral sin and those who taught it.

Let us pray for the conversion of those that teach such errors in our time.


Like I said, this is from a fringe group of converts to Orthodoxy...

Edited by - potonwheel on 01/03/2002 11:23:56 AM
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